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Catarina Eufémia
Catarina Efigénia Sabino Eufémia ((:kɐtɐˈɾinɐ ewˈfɛmiɐ); February 13, 1928 to May 19, 1954) was an illiterate harvester from Alentejo, Portugal who was murdered during a worker's strike by lieutenant Carrajola of the Guarda Nacional Republicana in Monte do Olival, Baleizão, in Beja, Alentejo. Catarina had three children, one eight months old, who was with her when she was shot.
The historic tragedy of Catarina came to personify the resistance movement against the regime of António de Oliveira Salazar. She was adopted as an icon by the Portuguese Communist Party in Alentejo. Poets Sophia de Mello Breyner, Carlos Aboim Inglez, Eduardo Valente da Fonseca, Francisco Miguel Duarte, José Carlos Ary dos Santos, Maria Luísa Vilão Palma and António Vicente Campinas have all dedicated poems to her. António Vicente Campinas' "''Cantar Alentejano''" was put to music by Zeca Afonso on the album "''Cantigas de Maio''", made on Christmas day, 1971. (Hear part of the song (here ).)
==Context==
Alentejo was a region of large estates and seasonal jobs and the living conditions of the peasants and salaried workers were extremely difficult. This socio-economic and labor situation agitated the peasant masses in the region starting in the mid-1940s, and this social agitation escalated over the next two decades. There were constant uproars and rural workers' strikes, which were watched by the Portuguese police, who were looking for communist agitators and infiltrators.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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